"Lucius Annaeus Seneca " (see related A | B) Pergamon Museum , Berlin, Germany

Discovered c. 1813, this bust provided a strong indication that another Roman work was not a depiction of Seneca that now is called "pseudo-Seneca". (see related image) 

Seneca's early years were spent in Roman Corduba, now the modern city of Cordoba in Spain. His parents were Helvia and Lucius Annaeus Seneca, known as Seneca the Elder. He became the uncle of the famous poet Lucan. In 37 AD, to escape the anger of Emperor Caligula, Seneca went into exile. He was recalled by Agrippina, the mother of Nero and his tutor. Agrippina became the wife of Emperor Claudius, whom she poisoned. Nero married Poppaea Sabina (30-65), who it is said prevailed on Nero to order Seneca to commit suicide, and that she prompted the killing of Agrippina. (Colonia Agrippinensium, now the city of Cologne in Germany, is named after her). It is also proposed that Nero assaulted Poppaea (who was pregnant) and caused her death the same year as that of Seneca. Three years later, Nero was forced to commit suicide. 

Many doubt the above accounts citing evidence that when Nero discovered that Seneca spouse were to commit suicide, he ordered them saved (Seneca was frail and did not survive, but his wife did). Also there is evidence that Poppaea was a kind woman who died in 65 AD, which induced in Nero deep mourning and refused to have her body cremated.

Seneca was liked by the early Christians, who in the dark ages often represented him as a "humanist saint". The church leader, Tertullian called him "our Seneca". Others believed he was converted to Christianity by Saint Paul. Seneca is given as a stoic philosopher and author of tragedies that were to be recited rather than performed. Others assert he was a hypocrite - this depiction suggests he at least enjoyed the pleasures of eating (he also managed to become immensely rich).

Note: related images with additional comments.